Ref: Intenet Technologies - II & Internet Technologies - I
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HTML:
During 1960s, Ted Nelson described a system in which text on
one page links to text on other remote pages, and this page-linking system was
called hypertext, and Douglas Engelbart developed the first hypertext system in
experimental basis.
During 1991, Berners Lee developed the code or program for a hypertext server, and made it available on the Internet. Hypertext servers (today called as Web Servers) are computers that store files written in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), and this HTML is a special language that includes a set of codes or tags (describe the relationship among text elements) attached to the original text, and these tags define the format and style of text elements in an e document. One important type of tag is the hypertext link tag, and a hypertext link points to another location in the same or remote HTML document, and these tags are called as hypertext elements.
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE for HTML:
During 1991, Berners Lee developed the code or program for a hypertext server, and made it available on the Internet. Hypertext servers (today called as Web Servers) are computers that store files written in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), and this HTML is a special language that includes a set of codes or tags (describe the relationship among text elements) attached to the original text, and these tags define the format and style of text elements in an e document. One important type of tag is the hypertext link tag, and a hypertext link points to another location in the same or remote HTML document, and these tags are called as hypertext elements.
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE for HTML:
Various types of software, usually called web browsers, are
available in the market to read the HTML documents, such as – Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Fire Fox. This software interface lets users read
or browse HTML documents, and move from one HTML document to another in a standalone
computer (or from one HTML document on one computer to another computer in the
Internet), via text formatted with hypertext link tags embedded in each file.
Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a method of presenting program control
functions and program output to users, using pictures, graphs, icons, sound
clips, videos, software programs, and other relevant graphical elements, &
each of these elements is stored on the web server as a unique file. A web
browser presents an HTML document in an easy-to-read format in its graphical
user interface.
Basics of HTML:
Basics of HTML:
A web page or webpage is a document or information resource
that is suitable for the World Wide Web and can be accessed through a web
browser and displayed on a computer monitor or mobile device. Further, a
website or Web site or web site or simply site is a set of related web pages
containing content such as text, images, video, audio etc. The vital parts of a
web page are the structure of the page and the text that makes up the main part
of the page. The page structure and text are stored in a text file that is
formatted or marked up, using markup language, which specifies a set of tags
that are inserted into the text. These tags provide formatting instructions
that software in the client computer in the web can understand.
The HTML tags are interpreted by the web browser and used by
it to format the display of the text enclosed by the tags. Usually the tags are
enclosed in angle brackets (<>). Most HTML tags have an opening tag and a
closing tag that format the text between them. The closing tag is preceded by a
slash within the angle brackets. Examples of some HTML elements:
Case 1: Giving my web page a title:
< TITLE > Fromthesun < / TITLE >Fromthesun , where,
< TITLE > Fromthesun < / TITLE >
the HTML tag specifies a name to my web page.
Case 2: Character formatting:
< B > Google Analytic Review < I > Fromthesun < / I > < / B > , where,
< B > Google Analytic Review < I > Fromthesun < / I > < / B > , where,
the web browser will recognize the < B > and < / B >
tags as instructions to display the full text line in boldface letters, and the
< I > and < / I > tags as instructions to display the text enclosed by
those tags in italics.
Browser Result: Google
Analytic Review Fromthesun
The World Wide Web organizes interlinked pages of
information residing on websites around the world. Hyperlinks on web pages form
a real “WEB” of those pages, and a user can move around this interwoven web of pages
by clicking hyperlinked text on one page to another, either in a linear or a non-linear
manner. An e commerce website can use links to direct customers to pages on the
company’s web server, and the way links lead customers through pages may affect
the health of the site as good as the company, and may play a pivotal role in
shaping customer’s impressions.
A linear hyperlink
structure resembles a paper notebook, where, pages are traversed serially. In a
non-linear or hierarchical hyperlink structure, the user opens a Home Page or
Start Page, where, links to other pages are given. Hyperlinks are created by
HTML anchor tag, which has the form like:
< A h r e f = http://fromtheorisun.blogspot.com > Fromthesun < / A >
Anchor tags have both opening and closing tags. The opening
tag has a hypertext reference (href) property, which specifies the local or
remote document’s address. On clicking the text following the opening link
transfers control to the "href" address.
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